Optimal Labor Contracts May Exhibit Wage Fluctuations due to Wage Discrimination
نویسندگان
چکیده
– Consider a labor market where the parties are able to write contracts contingent on the state of demand and productivity. If it is realistically assumed that the workers differ wrt. their reservation wages, then it becomes a natural presumption that firms on the market will offer several alternative contracts instead of just one and let workers choose between them. This may give a gain from wage discrimination. In a specific model of a labor market with one firm and two types of workers we show that it is indeed optimal for the firm to offer two different contracts. Further, we state plausible conditions in terms of the workers’ attitudes towards risk which imply that optimal pairs of contracts feature wage fluctuations over the cycle on one of the contracts. This result is somewhat in contrast to a standard (interpretation of a) result from the theory of labor contracts. Les contrats de travail optimaux peuvent illustrer des fluctuations salariales dues à des discriminations salariales RÉSUMÉ. – Le cadre de cette étude est un marché de travail spécifique où les partenaires ont la possibilité de conclure un contrat de travail conditionné par d’une part la demande prévue et d’autre part la productivité de l’entreprise. Suivant le « salaire de réserve », élevé ou bas, les salariés sont divisés en deux groupes. Il apparaı̂t donc optimal pour l’entreprise de proposer deux contrats distincts. Nous établissons des conditons vraisemblables concernant l’attitude des salariés vis-à-vis du risque, qui impliquent que des paires optimales de contrats illustre les fluctuations de salaire durant le cycle d’un des contrats. Ce résultat est légèrement en contraste avec la théorie habituelle des contrats de travail. * H. J. JACOBSEN, C. SCHULTZ: University of Copenhagen, Institute of Economics. We thank Julian BETTS, Russel COOPER, Huw DIXON and a referee for comments and suggestions.
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